The Low Emission Zone (LEZ) initiative in Bali, developed by WRI Indonesia and the Bali Net Zero Emission Coalition, supports the provincial government’s efforts to decarbonize transport. While intended to reduce emissions and improve air quality, the LEZ may also pose social and economic risks for vulnerable groups, such as economic displacement and access barriers. To address these risks, i-Hi Consulting conducted research to develop safeguarding mechanisms to ensure a fair, transparent, and inclusive implementation.